Annals of Emergency Medicine
Volume 28, Issue 2 , Pages 159-164 , August 1996

Factors Associated With Unrecognized HIV-1 Infection in an Inner-City Emergency Department

Presented in part at the Annual Meeting of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, Orlando, Florida, October 1994.

References 

  1. Centers for Disease Control . HIV prevalence estimates and AIDS case projections for the United States: Report based upon a workshop. MMWR Morbid Mortal Wkly Rep. 1990;39(RR-16):1–31
  2. Chaisson RE, Keruly JC, Moore RD. Race, sex, drug use, and progression of human immunodeficiency virus disease. N Engl J Med. 1995;333:751–756
  3. Centers for Disease Control . Update: mortality attributable to HIV infection among persons aged 25-44 years-United States, 1991 and 1992. MMWR Morbid Mortal Wkly Rep. 1993;42:869–872
  4. Bindman AB, Grumbach K, Keane D, et al.  Consequences of queuing for care at a public hospital emergency department. JAMA. 1991;266:1091–1096
  5. Grumbach K, Keane D, Bindman A. Primary care and public emergency department overcrowding. Am J Public Health. 1993;83:373–378
  6. Baker JL, Kelen GD, Silvertson KT, et al.  Unsuspected human immunodeficiency virus in critically ill emergency patients. JAMA. 1987;257:2609–2611
  7. Kelen GD, Fritz S, Qaqish B, et al.  Unrecognized human immunodeficiency virus infection in emergency department patients. N Engl J Med. 1988;318:1645–1650
  8. Kelen GD, DiGiovanna T, Bisson L, et al.  Human immunodeficiency virus infection in emergency department patients. JAMA. 1989;262:516–522
  9. Rhee KJ, Albertson TE, Kizer KW, et al.  The HIV-1 seroprevalence rate of injured patients admitted through California emergency departments. Ann Emerg Med. 1991;20:969–972
  10. Schoenbaum EE, Webber MP. The underrecognition of HIV infection in women in an inner-city emergency room. Am J Public Health. 1993;83:363–368
  11. Sturm JT. HIV prevalence in a Midwestern emergency department. Ann Emerg Med. 1991;20:276–278
  12. Kelen GD, Fritz S, Qaqish B, et al.  Substantial increase in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) infection in critically ill emergency patients: 1986 and 1987 compared. Ann Emerg Med. 1989;18:378–382
  13. Baraff LJ, Talan DA, Torres M. Prevalence of HIV antibody in a noninner-city university hospital emergency department. Ann Emerg Med. 1991;20:782–786
  14. Risi GF, Gaumer RH, Weeks S, et al.  Human immunodeficiency virus: Risk of exposure among health care workers at a southern urban hospital. South Med J. 1989;82:1079–1082
  15. Soderstrom CA, Furth PA, Glasser D, et al.  HIV infection rates in a trauma center treating predominantly rural blunt trauma victims. J Trauma. 1989;29:1526–1530
  16. Lindsay MK, Grant J, Peterson JB, et al.  Human immunodeficiency virus infection among patients in a gynecology emergency department. Obstet Gynecol. 1993;81:1012–1015
  17. Schweich PJ, Fosarelli PD, Duggan AK, et al.  Prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus seropositivity in pediatric emergency room patients undergoing phlebotomy. Pediatrics. 1990;86:660–665
  18. Kelen GD, Chanmugam A, Meyer WA, et al.  Detection of HIV-1 by polymerase chain reaction and culture in seronegative intravenous drug users in an inner-city emergency department. Ann Emerg Med. 1993;22:769–774
  19. Kelen GD, Hexter DA, Hansen KN, et al.  Trends in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection among a patient population in an inner-city emergency department: Implications for emergency department-based screening programs for HIV infection. Clin Infect Dis. 1995;21:867–875
  20. Clark SJ, Kelen GD, Henrard DR, et al.  Unsuspected primary human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection in seronegative emergency department patients. J Infect Dis. 1994;170:194–197
  21. Marcus R, Culver DH, Bell DM, et al.  Risk of human immunodeficiency virus infection among emergency department workers. Am J Med. 1993;94:363–370
  22. Zuger A, O'Dowd MA. The baron has AIDS: A case of factitious human immunodeficiency virus infection and review. Clin Infect Dis. 1992;14:211–216
  23. Craven DE, Steger KA, LaChapelle R, et al.  Factitious HIV infection: The importance of documenting infection. Ann Intern Med. 1994;121:763–766
  24. Centers for Disease Control . Recommendations for HIV testing services for inpatients and outpatients in acute-care hospital settings and technical guidance on HIV counselling. MMWR Morbid Mortal Wkly Rep. 1993;42(RR-2):1–17
  25. Castro KG, Lifson AR, White CR, et al.  Investigations of AIDS patients with no previously identified risk factors. JAMA. 1988;259:1338–1342
  26. Centers for Disease Control . Pilot study of a household survey to determine HIV seroprevalence. MMWR Morbid Mortal Wkly Rep. 1991;40:1–5
  27. Centers for Disease Control: US. Public Health Service recommendations for human immunodeficiency virus counseling and voluntary testing for pregnant women. MMWR Morbid Mortal Wkly Rep. 1995;44(RR-7):1–15

☆ From the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine* and the Department of Epidemiology and Social Medicine‡, Montefiore Medical Center; Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Medicine, North Central Bronx Hospital§; and the Departments of Medicine and Epidemiology and Social Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine∥, Bronx, New York.

☆☆ Supported in part by a collaborative agreement with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U64/CCU200714). Dr Alpert, Dr Shuter, and Dr DeShaw were supported in part by a training grant (5-T32-AI070183) from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases.

★ Address for reprints: Robert S Klein, MD, Division of Infectious Disease, Montefiore Medical Center, 111 East 210th Street, Bronx, New York 10467

★★ Reprint no. 47/1/74642

PII: S0196-0644(96)70056-2

Annals of Emergency Medicine
Volume 28, Issue 2 , Pages 159-164 , August 1996

Article Tools