« Previous
Next »
Annals of Emergency Medicine
Volume 44, Issue 1
, Pages 61-67
, July 2004
Community influenza outbreaks and emergency department ambulance diversion
References
- . Prevention and control of influenza: recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP). MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 1999;48:1–28
-
Flu newsletter.
Toronto Invasive Bacterial Dis Network. 2000;1:1–4
- . Measuring the impact of influenza on the hospital admission rates of the elderly in Ontario: a five-year admission rate analysis, 1988-1993. Can J Public Health. 2000;91:144–147
- . Time-series analysis of the relation between influenza virus and hospital admissions of the elderly in Ontario, Canada, for pneumonia, chronic lung disease, and congestive heart failure. Am J Epidemiol. 1999;149:85–92
-
Free flu shots aimed at easing ER squeeze.
Globe and Mail. July 26, 2000;A6
-
Government to expand flu-shot program.
Globe and Mail. August 1, 2000;A6
- The impact of influenza-associated respiratory illnesses on hospitalizations, physician visits, emergency room visits, and mortality. Can J Public Health. 2003;94:59–63
-
ACEP urges nation's emergency health care systems to gear up for flu season [American College of Emergency Physicians Web site]. Available at: http://www.acep.org/library/index.cfm/id/2275.htm. Accessed November 29, 2000.
- . Emergency medicine. BMJ. 2002;324:958–962
-
.
Joint position statement: access to acute care in the setting of emergency department overcrowding.
Can J Emerg Med. 2003;5:81–86
-
Seasonal patterns of Winnipeg hospital use.
Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada: Manitoba Centre for Health Policy and Evaluation; 1999;
-
.
Can a universal influenza immunization program reduce emergency department volume?.
Can J Emerg Med. 2002;4:245–251
- . Frequent overcrowding in U.S. emergency departments. Acad Emerg Med. 2001;8:151–155
-
.
Emergency department overcrowding: defining the problem and eliminating misconceptions.
Can J Emerg Med. 2002;4:76–83
-
.
Ontario's flu shot program continues with safe vaccine.
[press release]
Toronto, Ontario, Canada: Government of Ontario; 2000;
-
.
No room at the inn: overcrowding in Ontario's emergency departments.
Can J Emerg Med. 2002;4:91–97
- A conceptual model of emergency department crowding. Ann Emerg Med. 2003;42:173–180
-
.
Hospital Emergency Departments: Crowded Conditions Vary Among Hospitals and Communities.
Washington, DC: United States General Accounting Office; 2003;
Publication GAO-03-460, 1-65
- Emergency department gridlock and out-of-hospital delays for cardiac patients. Acad Emerg Med. 2003;10:709–716
- Emergency department overcrowding following systematic hospital restructuring: trends at twenty hospitals over ten years. Acad Emerg Med. 2001;8:1037–1043
-
.
First Annual Toronto's Health System Report Card.
Toronto, Ontario, Canada: Toronto District Health Council; 1999;
- . Impact of ambulance diversion policies in urban, suburban, and rural areas of Central Maryland. Acad Emerg Med. 2001;8:36–40
- Emergency department overcrowding and ambulance transport delays for patients with chest pain. CMAJ. 2003;168:277–283
- . Overcrowding in America's emergency departments: inpatient wards replace emergency care. Acad Emerg Med. 2001;8:188–189
-
.
Standards for Ontario Hospital Emergency Units Providing Ambulance Access.
Toronto, Ontario Canada: Ontario Ministry of Health and Long-Term Care; 1999;
-
Ontario Hospital Association and Ministry of Health. OHA Region 3: Emergency Services Working Group: Final Report. 1998:1-79.
-
Health Canada. Flu watch [Health Canada Web site]. Available at: http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/hpb/lcdc/bid/respdis/fluwatch/index.html Accessed February 15, 2001.
-
.
Influenza: Epidemiology and Prevention of Vaccine-Preventable Diseases.
7th ed.. Atlanta, GA: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; 2003;
1-14
-
.
Viral infections.
In:
Rosen P, Barkin R editor. Emergency Medicine Concepts and Clinical Practice. 4th ed.. St. Louis, MO: Mosby; 1998;p. 2532–2553
-
.
Econometric Models and Economic Forecasts.
4th ed.. New York, NY: Irwin McGraw-Hill; 1998;
-
.
Distribution of the estimators for autoregressive time series with a unit root.
J Am Stat Assoc. 1979;74:427–431
- . On a measure of lack of fit in time series models. Biometrika. 1978;65:297–303
- . Invited commentary: ecologic studies: biases, misconceptions, and counterexamples. Am J Epidemiol. 1994;139:747–760
- Influenza vaccination and reduction in hospitalizations for cardiac disease and stroke among the elderly. N Engl J Med. 2003;348:1322–1332
- Emergency department contributors to ambulance diversion: a quantitative analysis. Ann Emerg Med. 2003;41:467–476
-
Understanding the causes of overcrowding in emergency departments in the Capital Health Region in Alberta: a focus group study.
Can J Emerg Med. 2003;5:87–94
- . Emergency department overcrowding in Florida, New York, and Texas. South Med J. 2002;95:846–849
- . Preventing influenza in healthy adults: the evolving story. JAMA. 2000;284:1699–1701
- Effectiveness of influenza vaccination of day care children in reducing influenza-related morbidity among household contacts. JAMA. 2000;284:1677–1682
- Effectiveness and cost-benefit of influenza vaccination of healthy working adults: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA. 2000;284:1655–1663
-
Health Canada. Influenza in Canada: 2000-2001 season [Health Canada Web site]. Available at: http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/pphb-dgspsp/publicat/ccdr-rmtc/02vol28/dr2803ea.html. Accessed January 27, 2003.
☆ Author contributions: MJS originated the hypothesis, designed the study, and had main responsibility for interpreting the results and writing the manuscript. MMM helped design the study, conducted multivariate data analyses, helped interpret the results, and helped write the manuscript. JF established the databases necessary for the study and helped with data analysis and manuscript editing. MJS takes responsibility for the paper as a whole.Supported by a grant from the Peter Lougheed Medical Research Foundation, as well as by Career Awards for both Dr. Schull and Dr. Mamdani from The Canadian Institutes for Health Research.Reprints not available from the authors.
PII: S0196-0644(03)01316-7
doi: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2003.12.008
© 2004 American College of Emergency Physicians. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
« Previous
Next »
Annals of Emergency Medicine
Volume 44, Issue 1
, Pages 61-67
, July 2004
