Annals of Emergency Medicine
Volume 44, Issue 3 , Pages 215-221 , September 2004

Long-term survival of Japanese patients transported to an emergency department Because of syncope

Received 30 September 2003 ,Revised 9 February 2004 ,Accepted 23 February 2004.

References 

  1. Kapoor WN. Current evaluation and management of syncope. Circulation. 2002;106:1606–1609
  2. Kapoor WN, Karpf M, Wieand S, et al.  A prospective evaluation and follow-up of patients with syncope. N Engl J Med. 1983;309:197–204
  3. Hori S. Diagnosis of patients with syncope in emergency medicine. Keio J Med. 1994;43:185–191
  4. Day SC, Cook EF, Funkenstein H, et al.  Evaluation and outcome of emergency room patients with transient loss of consciousness. Am J Med. 1982;73:15–23
  5. Brignole M, Alboni P, Benditt D, et al.  Guidelines on management (diagnosis and treatment) of syncope. Eur Heart J. 2001;22:1256–1306
  6. Linzer M, Yang EH, Estes NA, et al.  Diagnosing syncope, part 2: unexplained syncope: Clinical Efficacy Assessment Project of the American College of Physicians. Ann Intern Med. 1997;127:76–86
  7. Linzer M, Yang EH, Estes NA, et al.  Diagnosing syncope, part 1: value of history, physical examination, and electrocardiography: Clinical Efficacy Assessment Project of the American College of Physicians. Ann Intern Med. 1997;126:989–996
  8. Martin GJ, Adams SL, Martin HG, et al.  Prospective evaluation of syncope. Ann Emerg Med. 1984;13:499–504
  9. Martin TP, Hanusa BH, Kapoor WN. Risk stratification of patients with syncope. Ann Emerg Med. 1997;29:459–466
  10. Eagle KA, Black HR, Cook EF, et al.  Evaluation of prognostic classifications for patients with syncope. Am J Med. 1985;79:455–460
  11. Crane SD. Risk stratification of patients with syncope in an accident and emergency department. Emerg Med J. 2002;19:23–27
  12. Soteriades ES, Evans JC, Larson MG, et al.  Incidence and prognosis of syncope. N Engl J Med. 2002;347:878–885
  13. Tunstall-Pedoe H, Kuulasmaa K, Mahonen M, et al.  Contribution of trends in survival and coronary-event rates to changes in coronary heart disease mortality: 10-year results from 37 WHO MONICA project populations: monitoring trends and determinants in cardiovascular disease. Lancet. 1999;353:1547–1557
  14. Saito I, Folsom AR, Aono H, et al.  Comparison of fatal coronary heart disease occurrence based on population surveys in Japan and the USA. Int J Epidemiol. 2000;29:837–844
  15. Robertson TL, Kato H, Rhoads GG, et al.  Epidemiologic studies of coronary heart disease and stroke in Japanese men living in Japan, Hawaii and California: incidence of myocardial infarction and death from coronary heart disease. Am J Cardiol. 1977;39:239–243
  16. Robertson TL, Kato H, Gordon T, et al.  Epidemiologic studies of coronary heart disease and stroke in Japanese men living in Japan, Hawaii and California: coronary heart disease risk factors in Japan and Hawaii. Am J Cardiol. 1977;39:244–249
  17. World Health Organization . World Health Statistics Annual 1995. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization; 1996;
  18. Department of Economic and Social Affairs . 2000 Demographic Year Book Fifty-Second Issue. New York, NY: United Nations; 2002;
  19. Bloomfield DM, Sheldon R, Grubb BP, et al.  Putting it together: a new treatment algorithm for vasovagal syncope and related disorders. Am J Cardiol. 1999;84:33Q–39Q
  20. Kapoor WN. Evaluation and outcome of patients with syncope. Medicine (Baltimore). 1990;69:160–175
  21. Kapoor WN, Peterson J, Wieand HS, et al.  Diagnostic and prognostic implications of recurrences in patients with syncope. Am J Med. 1987;83:700–708
  22. Yano K, Grove JS, Reed DM, et al.  Determinants of the prognosis after a first myocardial infarction in a migrant Japanese population: the Honolulu Heart Program. Circulation. 1993;88:2582–2595
  23. Kambara H, Nakagawa M, Kinoshita M, et al.  Long-term prognosis after myocardial infarction: univariate and multivariate analysis of clinical characteristics in 1,000 patients: Kyoto and Shiga Myocardial Infarction (KYSMI) Study Group. Clin Cardiol. 1993;16:872–878
  24. Kapoor WN, Hanusa BH. Is syncope a risk factor for poor outcomes? Comparison of patients with and without syncope. Am J Med. 1996;100:646–655
  25. Sarasin FP, Louis-Simonet M, Carballo D, et al.  Prospective evaluation of patients with syncope: a population-based study. Am J Med. 2001;111:177–184
  26. Kapoor WN, Smith MA, Miller NL. Upright tilt testing in evaluating syncope: a comprehensive literature review. Am J Med. 1994;97:78–88
  27. O'Malley RN, O'Malley GF, Ochi G. Emergency medicine in Japan. Ann Emerg Med. 2001;38:441–446

☆ Author contributions: MS, SH, and KS conceived the idea and design of the study. SH and NA supervised the conduct of the study and data collection. MS, SH, KS, and IN collected and managed patients' data. MS analyzed the data statistically and drafted the manuscript. NA chaired the data oversight committee. SH takes responsibility for the paper as a whole.

☆☆ Presented at the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine annual meeting, Atlanta, GA, May 2000.

★ The authors report this study did not receive any outside funding or support.

PII: S0196-0644(04)00200-8

doi: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2004.02.036

Annals of Emergency Medicine
Volume 44, Issue 3 , Pages 215-221 , September 2004

Article Tools

* Image Usage & Resolution