Annals of Emergency Medicine
Volume 49, Issue 1 , Pages 15-22 , January 2007

Randomized Clinical Trial of Etomidate Versus Propofol for Procedural Sedation in the Emergency Department

  • James R. Miner, MD

      Affiliations

    • Corresponding Author InformationAddress for correspondence: James R. Miner, MD, Department of Emergency Medicine, Hennepin County Medical Center, 701 Park Ave S, Minneapolis, MN 55415; 612-873-8791, fax 612-904-4241
    • ,
  • Mark Danahy, MD
    • ,
  • Abby Moch, BS
    • ,
  • Michelle Biros, MS, MD

Received 12 April 2006 ,Revised 14 June 2006 ,Accepted 29 June 2006.

References 

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  3. Burton JH, Miner JR, Shipley ER, et al. Propofol for emergency department procedural sedation and analgesia: a tale of three centers. Acad Emerg Med. 2006;13:24–30
  4. Dickinson R, Singer AJ, Carrion W. Etomidate for pediatric sedation prior to fracture reduction. Acad Emerg Med. 2001;8:74–77
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  8. Guenther E, Pribble CG, Junkins EP, et al. Propofol sedation by emergency physicians for elective pediatric outpatient procedures. Ann Emerg Med. 2003;42:783–791
  9. Havel CJ, Strait RT, Hennes H. A clinical trial of propofol vs midazolam for procedural sedation in a pediatric emergency department. Acad Emerg Med. 1999;6:989–997
  10. Keim SM, Erstad BL, Sakles JC, et al. Etomidate for procedural sedation in the emergency department. Pharmacotherapy. 2002;22:586–592
  11. Miner JR, Bachman A, Kosman L, et al. Assessment of the onset and persistence of amnesia during procedural sedation with propofol. Acad Emerg Med. 2005;12:491–496
  12. Miner JR, Biros M, Krieg S, et al. Randomized clinical trial of propofol versus methohexital for procedural sedation during fracture and dislocation reduction in the emergency department. Acad Emerg Med. 2003;10:931–937
  13. Miner JR, Biros MH, Heegaard W, et al. Bispectral electroencephalographic analysis of patients undergoing procedural sedation in the emergency department. Acad Emerg Med. 2003;10:638–643
  14. Miner JR, Biros MH, Seigel T, et al. The utility of the bispectral index in procedural sedation with propofol in the emergency department. Acad Emerg Med. 2005;12:190–196
  15. Ruth WJ, Burton JH, Bock AJ. Intravenous etomidate for procedural sedation in emergency department patients. Acad Emerg Med. 2001;8:13–18
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  18. Miner JR, Martel ML, Meyer M, et al. Procedural sedation of critically ill patients in the emergency department. Acad Emerg Med. 2005;12:124–128
  19. American Society of Anesthesiologists. Physical status classification system. Available at: http://www.asahq.org/clinical/physicalstatus.htm. Accessed.
  20. Miner JR, Heegaard W, Plummer D. End-tidal carbon dioxide monitoring during procedural sedation. Acad Emerg Med. 2002;9:275–280
  21. Burton JH, Harrah JD, Germann CA, et al. Does end-tidal carbon dioxide monitoring detect respiratory events prior to current sedation monitoring practices?. Acad Emerg Med. 2006;13:500–504
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 Supervising editor: Steven M. Green, MDAuthor contributions: JRM and MD conceived and designed the trial. JRM, MD, AM, and MB supervised the conduct of the trial and data collection. JRM provided statistical advice and analyzed the data. JRM drafted the manuscript, and MD, AM, and MB contributed substantially to its revision. JRM takes responsibility for the paper as a whole.Funding and support: This work was funded by a grant from the Emergency Medicine Foundation. None of the authors have financial or other interests in the medications used in this study.Reprints not available from the authors.

PII: S0196-0644(06)00949-8

doi: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2006.06.042

Annals of Emergency Medicine
Volume 49, Issue 1 , Pages 15-22 , January 2007

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