Annals of Emergency Medicine
Volume 50, Issue 5 , Pages 576-583 , November 2007

The Physiologic Effects of a Conducted Electrical Weapon in Swine

  • Amanda O. Esquivel, MS

      Affiliations

    • Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI
    • ,
  • Elizabeth J. Dawe, DVM

      Affiliations

    • Surgical Research Services, College of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI
    • ,
  • Javier A. Sala-Mercado, MD, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Physiology, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI.
    • ,
  • Robert L. Hammond, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Physiology, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI.
    • ,
  • Cynthia A. Bir, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI
    • Corresponding Author InformationAddress for reprints: Cynthia Bir, PhD, Biomedical Engineering, 818 W Hancock, Detroit, MI 48201; 313-577-3830, fax 313-577-8333

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 Supervising editor: Stephen R. Thom, MD, PhDAuthor contributions: CAB conceived the study and obtained research funding. EJD, RLH, and CAB designed the trial. AOE, EJD, JAS-M, and RLH supervised the conduct of the trial and data collection. AOE and RLH collected the data. AOE analyzed the data. JAS-M examined the ECGs. AOE drafted the article, and all authors contributed substantially to its revision. AOE takes responsibility for the paper as a whole.Funding and support: By Annals policy, all authors are required to disclose any and all commercial, financial, and other relationships in any way related to the subject of this article, that might create any potential conflict of interest. See the Manuscript Submission Agreement in this issue for examples of specific conflicts covered by this statement. This study was supported by Stinger Systems Inc. for funding of the technical costs of the study. The authors had sole responsibility for the study design, data collection, data analysis, data interpretation, and preparation of the article. None of the authors have any financial interest in Stinger Systems Inc., nor have they received any financial support from Stinger Systems Inc. outside of the grant.Publication dates: Available online August 23, 2007.

PII: S0196-0644(07)00569-0

doi: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2007.05.003

Annals of Emergency Medicine
Volume 50, Issue 5 , Pages 576-583 , November 2007

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