Annals of Emergency Medicine
Volume 54, Issue 4 , Pages 561-567.e2 , October 2009

Randomized Clinical Trial Comparing a Patient-Driven Titration Protocol of Intravenous Hydromorphone With Traditional Physician-Driven Management of Emergency Department Patients With Acute Severe Pain

This was presented as a poster at the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine Annual Meeting, New Orleans, LA, May 2009.

Received 15 December 2008 ,Revised 27 April 2009 ,Accepted 4 May 2009.

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 Supervising editor: Steven M. Green, MD

 Author contributions: AKC, PEB, and EJG, conceived the study and designed the trial. AKC, PEB, and MD managed the data, including quality control. PEB analyzed the data and provided all figures and tables. AKC drafted the article, and all authors contributed substantially to its multiple revisions. AKC takes responsibility for the paper as a whole.

 Funding and support: By Annals policy, all authors are required to disclose any and all commercial, financial, and other relationships in any way related to the subject of this article that might create any potential conflict of interest. See the Manuscript Submission Agreement in this issue for examples of specific conflicts covered by this statement. Dr. Chang is supported by a Society for Academic Emergency Medicine Research Training Grant.

 Publication date: Available online June 26, 2009.

 Reprints not available from the authors.

PII: S0196-0644(09)00487-9

doi: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2009.05.003

Annals of Emergency Medicine
Volume 54, Issue 4 , Pages 561-567.e2 , October 2009

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