Annals of Emergency Medicine
Volume 54, Issue 6 , Pages 830-836 , December 2009

Denim Clothing Reduces Venom Expenditure by Rattlesnakes Striking Defensively at Model Human Limbs

  • Shelton S. Herbert, PhD
    • ,
  • William K. Hayes, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Corresponding Author InformationAddress for correspondence: William K. Hayes, PhD, Department of Earth and Biological Sciences, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92350; 909-558-4530, fax 909-558-4530

Received 16 May 2009 ,Revised 30 August 2009 ,Accepted 18 September 2009.

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 Supervising editor: Lewis S. Nelson, MD

 Author contributions: WKH conceived the study and provided statistical advice. SSH and WKH designed the experiment, analyzed the data, and prepared the article. SSH executed the experiment. WKH takes responsibility for the paper as a whole.

 Funding and support: By Annals policy, all authors are required to disclose any and all commercial, financial, and other relationships in any way related to the subject of this article that might create any potential conflict of interest. The authors have stated that no such relationships exist. See the Manuscript Submission Agreement in this issue for examples of specific conflicts covered by this statement.

 Reprints not available from the authors.

PII: S0196-0644(09)01560-1

doi: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2009.09.022

Annals of Emergency Medicine
Volume 54, Issue 6 , Pages 830-836 , December 2009

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