Annals of Emergency Medicine
Volume 34, Issue 6 , Pages 720-729 , December 1999

Checking for Breathing: Evaluation of the Diagnostic Capability of Emergency Medical Services Personnel, Physicians, Medical Students, and Medical Laypersons

Presented at the Fourth Congress of the European Resuscitation Council (ERC), Copenhagen, Denmark, June 1998 (received award in best oral presentations).

Received 11 August 1998 ,Revised 8 April 1999 ,Accepted 29 April 1999.

References 

  1. Guidelines for cardiopulmonary resuscitation and emergency cardiac care. Emergency Cardiac Care Committee and Subcommittees, American Heart Association. Part II. Adult basic life support. JAMA. 1992;16:2184–2198
  2. Holmberg S, Handley A, Bahr J, et al.  Guidelines for basic life support. A statement by the Basic Life Support Working Party of the European Resuscitation Council 1992. Resuscitation. 1992;24:103–110
  3. Coleman S, Dracup K, Moser DK. Comparing methods of cardiopulmonary resuscitation instruction on learning and retention. J Nurs Staff Dev. 1991;7:82–87
  4. Moser DK, Coleman S. Recommendations for improving cardiopulmonary resuscitation skills retention. Heart Lung. 1992;21:372–380
  5. Kaye W, Rallis SF, Mancini ME, et al.  The problem of poor retention of cardiopulmonary resuscitation skills may lie with the instructor, not the learner or the curriculum. Resuscitation. 1991;21:67–87
  6. Smith J, Ryan K, Phelan D, et al.  Cardiopulmonary resuscitation skills in non consultant hospital doctors—The Irish experience. Ir J Med Sci. 1993;162:405–407
  7. Flesche CW, Breuer S, Mandel LP, et al.  The ability of health professionals to check the carotid course. Circulation. 1994;90(Suppl I):288
  8. Flesche CW, Noetges P, Schlack W, et al.  Quality of lay public cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) after standard first aid training courses. Resuscitation. 1994;28:S25
  9. Bahr J, Klingler H, Panzer W, et al.  Skills of lay people in checking the carotid pulse. Resuscitation. 1997;35:23–26
  10. Eberle B, Dick WF, Schneider T, et al.  Checking the carotid pulse check: Diagnostic accuracy of first responders in patients with and without a pulse. Resuscitation. 1996;33:107–116
  11. Handley AJ. In: The 1998 ERC model guidelines for resuscitation (I). Basic Life Support (BLS), scientific evidence and the new ERC model guidelines. Lecture at the Fourth Congress of the European Resuscitation Council “Resuscitation 98.” Copenhagen,. June 1998.;
  12. Handley AJ, Bahr J, Baskett P, et al.  The 1998 European Resuscitation Council guidelines for adult single rescuer basic life support. Resuscitation. 1998;37:67–80
  13. Sedgwick ML, Watson J, Dalziel K, et al.  Efficacy of out-of-hospital defibrillation by ambulance technicians using automated external defibrillators. The Heartstart Scotland Project Resuscitation. 1993;24:73–87
  14. Poole JE, White RD, Kanz KG, et al.  Low-energy impedance-compensating biphasic waveforms terminate ventricular fibrillation at high rates in victims of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol. 1997;8:1373–1385
  15. Bandini F, Destro A, Rellini G, et al.  Italian experience with automated external defibrillators (AED). G Ital Cardiol. 1997;27:1121–1124
  16. Bossaert L, Handley AJ, Marsden A, et al.  European Resuscitation Council guidelines for the use of automated external defibrillators by EMS providers and first responders. Resuscitation. 1998;37:91–94

☆ Address for reprints: Matthias Ruppert, MD, Arbeitskreis Notfallmedizin und Rettungswesen (ANR), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Nußbaumstraße 20, 80336 Munich, Germany; 49 89 51 60 49 50, fax 49 89 51 60 49 52; E-mail matthias.ruppert@anr.med.uni-muenchen.de.

☆☆ This article is copublished in Notfall und Rettungsmedizin 1999;2:18-28.

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Annals of Emergency Medicine
Volume 34, Issue 6 , Pages 720-729 , December 1999

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